Advanced English Exercises with answers
BABIES CAN LINK LANGUAGE AND ETHNICITY
Arecent study from Canada's University of British Columbia (UBC) suggests that eleven-month-old infants can learn to associate the language they hear with ethnicity.
The research, published by Developmental Psychobiology, found that 11-month-old infants looked more at the faces of people of Asian descent compared to those of Caucasian descent when hearing Cantonese but not when hearing Spanish.
“Our findings suggest that by 11 months, infants are making connections between languages and ethnicities based on the individuals they encounter in their environments. In learning about language, infants are doing more than picking up sounds and sentences—they also learn about the speakers of language,” said Lillian May, a psychology lecturer at UBC who was lead author of the study.
The research was done in Vancouver, where approximately nine percent of the population can speak Cantonese.
The researchers played English-learning infants of Caucasian ancestry sentences in both English and Cantonese and showed them pictures of people of Caucasian descent, and of Asian descent. When the infants heard Cantonese, they looked more at the Asian faces than when they were hearing English. When they heard English, they looked equally to Asian and Caucasian faces.
“This indicates that they have already learned that in Vancouver, both Caucasians and Asians are likely to speak English, but only Asians are likely to speak Cantonese,” noted UBC psychology professor Janet Werker, the study's senior author.
The researchers showed the same pictures to the infants while playing Spanish, to see whether they were inclined to associate any unfamiliar language with any unfamiliar ethnicity. However, in that test the infants looked equally to Asian and Caucasian faces. This suggests young infants pick up on specific language-ethnicity pairings based on the faces and languages they encounter.
“Babies are learning so much about language—even about its social use—long before they produce their first word,” said Werker. “The link between speaker characteristics and language is something no one has to teach babies. They learn it all on their own.” “The ability to link language and ethnicity might help babies with language acquisition. We are now probing this possibility. For example, does a bilingual Chinese-English baby expect Chinese words from a Southeast Asian speaker and English words from a Caucasian speaker?
Our preliminary results indicate that indeed, babies are using their expectations about language and ethnicity as another source of information in language learning,” added Werker.
Source: “Babies can link language and ethnicity”. Language Magazine <https://www.languagemagazine.com/2019/06/28/babiescan-link-language-and-ethnicity/> Language Magazine, June 28, 2019
Read TEXT III and answer the questions 31 and 32.
1 QUESTION st
According to the text, which of the following statements is TRUE?
a) Babies are capable to associate the language they hear with ethnicity.
b) Asian descent infants are more likely to link language and ethnicity.
c) Unfamiliar speaker characteristics are linked to specific language-ethnicity.
d) Asians are likely to speak Cantonese instead of English.
e) Spanish infants expect Chinese words from a Southeast Asian speaker.
2 QUESTION nd
“However, in that test the infants looked equally to Asian and Caucasian faces.” What is the meaning of the expression however?
a) Comparison
b) Addition
c) emphasis
d) Contrast
e) Conclusion
3 QUESTION rd
“Two turtles were slowly crossing the dusty road when we passed by.” The verbal tense in the passage were slowly crossing is
a) Present perfect progressive tense.
b) Past perfect progressive tense.
c) Simple past tense.
d) Present progressive tense.
e) Past progressive tense.
4 QUESTION th
Considering the reasons why studying the online world is crucial for understanding language, proposed by David Barton and Carmen Lee in “Language online: Investigating digital texts and practices” (2013), which of the following statements is CORRECT?
a) New methods for researching language are becoming scarce.
b) Vernacular language practices are becoming less public.
c) Basic linguistic concepts are changing in meaning.
d) Language learning is less possible in new online spaces.
e) Linguistic resources are not drawn upon to assert new identities.
Read the excerpt and answer the question 35.
“Effective teachers are typically defined as those whose students perform better on standardized achievement tests. In a study of effective teachers in bilingual education programs in California and Hawaii, for example, Tikunoff (1985) observed teachers to find out how they organize instruction, structure teaching activities, and enhance student performance on tasks.”
RICHARDS, Jack C. Theories of Teaching in Language Teaching. In: RICHARDS, J. C. & RENANDYA, W. A. Methodology in Language Teaching: An Anthology of
Current Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002, p. 21.
5 QUESTION th
Which of the following characteristics is concerned with an effective teaching?
a) Encourage students to always take notes.
b) Instruction is guided by a preplanned curriculum.
c) Class time is also used to for competitive activities.
d) Learning progress must be monitored by the student himself.
e) Competition is used to promote excellence.
6 QUESTION th
The word boughrhymes with:
a) dough
b) cough
c) rough
d) slough
e) tough
7 QUESTION th
“It _________ never occur to my boss to give me a raise.” What is the appropriate modal verb to complete the sentence?
a) should
b) could
c) would
d) can
e) must
8 QUESTION th
Which of the following descriptions indicate the CORRECTsound?
a) low back short vowel [ æ ]
b) mid central unstressed vowel [ e ]
c) high front short vowel [ Ə ]
d) high back long vowel [ Ʊ ]
e) mid back rounded vowel [ ɔ ]
9 QUESTION th
In acoustic phonetics, it is CORRECTto say that:
a) soundwaves are produced by vibration carried by a propagation medium.
b) amplitude is the maximum distance the wave moves from the starting point.
c) the higher the amplitude the higher the pitch.
d) when frequency diminishes sound becomes less audible.
e) frequency relates do loudness the same way as amplitude relates to pitch.
10 QUESTION th
Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
a) Segmental features are aspects of pronunciation that affect more than one sound segment.
b) Vowels followed by a nasal sound also tend to be nasalized.
c) Epenthesis is one of the phonetically distinct variants of a phoneme.
d) Allophone is an extra syllable added to make a word easier to pronounce.
e) The velum is a kind of valve to stop things going down into the lungs
Answer
- A
- D
- E
- C
- B
- A
- C
- E
- A
- B
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TEXT FOR QUESTIONS
The Food and Drug Administration on Thursday released a preliminary report on the safety of meat and milk from
cloned animals. Their veredict that these food products are no different from those derived from conventionally bred animals and are therefore safe to eat. But don’t expect your local butcher to be selling hams or rib eyes from cloned animals anytime soon.The FDA’s report is now available to the public and open for a 90-day comment period. Only after this time will the agency make a final decision on the safety of food products made from cloned animals, a process tha may take until the end of next year. (Time magazine. December 2006)
11) The text states that:
A) The FDA’s report is safe for a 90-day comment.
B) The FDA’s report gives opinion about the safety of meat sold by your Local butcher.
C) The final decision about the safety of meat and milk from cloned animals May be given only in the next year.
D) Hams and rib eyes from cloned animals are different from your local Butcher’s meat.
E) The FDA’s report will be released in the next year.
12) According to the text :
A) The report will release the safety of meat.
B) The safety of meat will be a preliminary report.
C) The report about the safety of milk and meat from cloned animals is a final one.
D) The food products are safe if they come from bred animals.
E) The report from FDA is escpected to be safe.
13) The synonym for available (.....is now available.......line 4) would be :
A) Acceptable. B) Disposable. C) Capable. D) Able to be. E) Responsible.
14) The word those in the segment “.......different from those derived.....”( line 2 ) Refers to:
A) The preliminary report. D) Milk and meat.
B) Meat and ham. E) FDA’s products.
C) Cloned animals.
* Text number two:
* Read it carefully and answer questions 05 to 08 according to it.
Choose only one option.
Mr. and Mrs. Bixby lived in a small apartment somewhere in New York City. Mr. Bixby was a dentist who made an average income. Mrs. Bixby was a big vigorous woman with a wet mouth. Once a month, always on Friday afternoons, Mrs. Bixby took the train at Pennsylvania Station and traveled to Baltimore to visit her old aunt and returned to New York on the following day, in time to cook supper for her Husband .Mr. Bixby accepted this arrangement good-naturedly. He knew that aunt Maude lived in Baltimore, and that his wife was very fond of the old lady, and certainly It would be unreasonable to deny either of them the pleasure of a monthly meeting.
However, the aunt was little more than a convenient álibi for Mrs. Bixby. Our Heroine spent the greater part of her Baltimore time with a gentleman known as the Colonel. The Colonel was very wealthy. He lived in a charming house on the outskirts of the town. He had no wife or family, only a few discreet and loyal servants, and in Mrs. Bisby’s absence he consoled himself by riding horses and hunting the fox.
Year after year, this pleasant alliance between Mrs. Bixby and the Colonel Continued without any problem .They met so seldom that they never got bored with one another. On the contrary, the long wait between meetings made the heart grow
Fonder, and each separate occasion became an exciting reunion.
15) “ Mr. Bixby was a dentist who made an “average income.”. The expression average income means:
A) To make much money. D) To make a minimum salary.
B) To make a great quantity of money. E) To make neither a high nor a low salary.
C) To make little money.
16) Mrs. Bixby spent the greater part of her time in Baltimore:
A) With her dentist in that city. D) With a man who was a gentleman.
B) With the old lady who was her aunt. E) With her husband, Mr. Bixby.
C) With a charming boy.
17) The opposite of wealthy is:
A) Health. B) Weak. C) Good. D) Rich. E) Poor.
18) Choose the best word to complete the following sentence related to the text:
Mr. Bixby __________Mrs. Bixby’s arrangement with the Colonel__________.
A) agree-badly D) accepted- good-naturedly
B) received-well E) agreed-well
C) accepted-good
Answer
11 C
12 C
13 B
14 D
15 E
16 D
17 E
18 D
Consulplan Porto Feliz 2006
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For questions 20 to 23, choose the option that correctly completes the sentences:
19. In my opinion, the corset is _____ item in women’s clothes. The platform trainers are _____.
a) the most uncomfortable - the ugliest
b) the fanciest - the most funnier
c) the more fashionable - oldest
d) the most unhealthy - the prettiests
20. People in my city are driving _____ and _____ than ever.
a) slower – worse
b) more careless – faster
c) more quick – aggressively
d) better - more carefully
21. If you want to play poker, you _____ keep your best cards, you _____ tell
others what cards you have, and you _____look at my cards.
a) have to - don’t have to - can’t to
b) must to - have to - can to
c) should - shouldn’t - mustn’t
d) don’t have to - must - shouldn’t to
22. Peter’s shop_____ for sale for eleven months. Apparently, it_____ down
soon.
a) is - closes
b) is being - is closing
c) has being - will close
d) has been - is going to close
23.The alternative that contains the correct conjugation of the verb to be in the past simple and:
a) I was / You were / He was / She was / It was / We were / You were / They were;
b) I am / You are / He is / She is / It is / We are / You are / They are;
c) I was / You was / He was / She was / It was / We were / You were / They were;
d) I was / You was / He was / She was / It was / We was / You was / They was.
24. Complete the sentence with the correct answer.
I _________ this type of sandwich for the last 2 years.
a) ate
b) eaten
c) eating
d) have been eating
Answer
19 A
20 D
21 C
22 D
23 A
24 D
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